Scan Apple Serial Number
Jun 18, 2010. In addition, there's a 30-character serial number printed on a. What we do is take the serial number MAC address information off the outside of the box as we're deploying. Apple recommends Symbol DS6707-SR200072ZZR for parts - works great, but we have trouble with it when scanning boxes, etc.
Apple IIGS Release date September 15, 1986; 31 years ago ( 1986-09-15) Introductory price US$999 (equivalent to $2,183 in 2016) (not including monitor) Discontinued December 1992 ( 1992-12) 2.8 MHz Memory 256 or 1 (expandable up to 8 MB) Graphics VGC 12-bpp palette, 320×200, 640×200 Sound ES5503 DOC 8-bit sound chip, 32-channels, stereo The Apple IIGS (styled as II GS), the fifth and most powerful model of the Apple II family, is a 16-bit personal computer produced by Apple Computer. While featuring the look and feel, and capabilities similar to the and, it still remains backwards compatible with earlier models. The 'GS' in the name stands for 'Graphics and Sound,' referring to its enhanced multimedia hardware, especially its state of the art audio.
The machine is a radical departure from any previous Apple II, with its 16-bit microprocessor, direct access to megabytes of, and. It was the first computer produced by Apple to use a color (color was introduced on the six months later) and interface for keyboards, mice, and other input devices. It is the first personal computer to come with a built-in chip, utilizing technology from. The IIGS set forth a promising future and evolutionary advancement of the Apple II line, but Apple increasingly focused on the Macintosh platform. The IIGS clock speed was intentionally kept lower than the maximum rate possible for the 65C816 so the system would not outperform the Macintosh. The machine outsold all other Apple products, including the Macintosh, during its first year in production. [ ] Apple ceased IIGS production in December 1992.
Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Hardware features [ ] The Apple IIGS made significant improvements over previous machines from the line such as the and. It emulates its predecessors by utilizing a custom called the and used the new running at 2.8, which is faster than the and processors used in the earlier Apple II models. Use of the 65C816 allows the IIGS to address considerably more. The use of a 2.8 MHz clock was a marketing decision intended to limit the IIGS's performance to a level lower than that of the Macintosh, a decision that had a critical effect on the IIGS's success; the 65C816 processor is capable of running at a much higher clock rate. The IIGS also includes enhanced graphics and sound, which led to its GS name. Its graphics are the best of the Apple II series, with new higher resolution video modes.
These include a 640×200-pixel mode with and a 320×200-pixel mode with color, both of which can select 4 or 16 colors (respectively) at a time from a palette of 4,096 colors. By changing the palette on each scanline, it is possible to display up to 256 colors or more per screen, which was quite commonly seen within games and software during this computer's heyday. Through some clever programming, it is possible to make the IIGS display as many as 3,200 colors at once. When first introduced, Apple's user interface known as MouseDesk and the IIGS System Demo were both in black and white only. Users did not see color until an application which took advantage of the new features was launched. Audio is generated by a built-in sound-and-music synthesizer in the form of the 5503 digital oscillator chip, which has its own dedicated RAM and 32 separate channels of sound.
These channels are paired to produce 15 voices in stereo audio. Although Apple had hoped that the IIc would outsell the IIe, the latter was more popular because of its slots. The IIGS supports both 5.25-inch and 3.5-inch and, like the IIe before it, has several expansion slots. These include seven general-purpose expansion slots compatible with those on the Apple II, II+, and IIe, plus a memory expansion slot that can be used to add up to 8 of RAM. The IIGS, like the IIc, also has dedicated ports for external devices. These include a port to attach even more floppy disk drives, two for devices such as and (which can also be used to connect to a network), an port to connect the and, and and video ports. These ports are associated with the slots, so for example using a card in slot 1 means that the printer port is disabled.
The machine also features a user-adjustable control panel and real-time clock, which are maintained by a built-in battery (a non-replaceable 3.6-volt lithium battery; removable in a later revision motherboard). The IIGS also supports booting from an server, via the protocol, over cabling. When the 'Apple IIe Workstation Card' was introduced, this capability was given to the IIe. This was over a decade before offered the same capability to computers running Mac OS 8 and beyond.
Graphics modes [ ]. This section does not any. Unsourced material may be challenged and. (December 2016) () In addition to supporting all of, the Apple IIGS introduced several new ones through a custom video graphics chip (VGC), all of which use a 12-bit palette for a total of 4,096 possible colors, though not all colors can appear onscreen at the same time. • 320×200 pixels with a single palette of 16 colors. • 320×200 pixels with up to 16 palettes of 16 colors.
In this mode, the VGC holds 16 separate palettes of 16 colors in its own memory. Each of the 200 scan lines can be assigned any one of these palettes allowing for up to 256 colors on the screen at once. • 320×200 pixels with up to 200 palettes of 16 colors. In this mode, the CPU assists the VGC in swapping palettes into and out of the video memory so that each scan line can have its own palette of 16 colors allowing for up to 3,200 colors on the screen at once. • 320×200 pixels with 15 colors per palette, plus a fill-mode color.
In this mode, color 0 in the palette is replaced by the last non-zero color pixel displayed on the scan line (to the left), allowing fast solid-fill graphics (drawn with only the outlines). • 640×200 pixels with 4 pure colors. • 640×200 pixels with up to 16 palettes of 4 pure colors. In this mode, the VGC holds 16 separate palettes of 4 pure colors in its own memory. Each of the 200 scan lines can be assigned any one of these palettes allowing for up to 64 colors on the screen at once. • 640×200 pixels with 16 dithered colors. In this mode, two palettes of four pure colors each are used in alternating columns.
The hardware then dithers the colors of adjacent pixels to create 16 total colors on the screen. Each scan line on the screen can independently select either 320- or 640-line mode, fill mode (320-mode only), and any of the 16 palettes, allowing graphics modes to be mixed on the screen. This is most often seen in graphics programs where the menu bar is constantly in 640-pixel resolution and the working area's mode can be changed depending on the user's needs. Audio features [ ] The Apple IIGS's sound is provided by an Ensoniq 5503 DOC chip designed by, creator of the synthesizer chip used in the. The ES5503 DOC is the same chip used in and professional-grade synthesizers. [ ] The chip allows for 32 separate channels of sound, though most software pairs them into 16 stereo voices, as do most of the standard tools of the operating system (the MIDISynth Tool Set groups four channels per voice, for a limit of seven-voice audio).
The IIGS is often referred to as a 15-voice system, because one stereo voice is reserved by the OS at all times for timing and system sounds. Software that does not use the OS, or uses custom-programmed tools (most games and demos do this), can access the chip directly and take advantage of all 32 voices. The computer's audio capabilities were given as the primary reason for record label 's 1989 resumption of legal action against Apple that had been previously suspended. Apple Corps claimed that the IIGS's audio chip violated terms of the 1981 settlement with the company that prohibited Apple, Inc.
From getting involved in the music business. A standard 1⁄ 8-inch headphone jack is provided on the back of the case, and standard stereo computer speakers can be attached there. However, this jack provides only mono sound, and a third-party adapter card is required for stereo, despite the fact that the Ensoniq and virtually all native software produces stereo audio (stereo audio is essentially built into the machine, but has to be de-multiplexed by third-party cards). 's SonicBlaster is one of a few developed cards for this purpose. Expansion capabilities [ ]. An Apple expansion card installed in an Apple IIGS. Like the Apple II machines before it, the IIGS is highly expandable.
The expansion slots can be used for a variety of purposes, greatly increasing the computer's capabilities. Host adapters can be used to connect external SCSI devices such as hard drives and a CD-ROM drive. Other mass-storage devices such as adapters supporting more recent internal 2.5-inch IDE hard drives can also be used.
Another common class of is accelerator cards, such as 's TransWarp GS, replacing the computer's original processor with a faster one. Applied Engineering developed the, which is essentially an on a card. A variety of other cards were also produced, including ones allowing new technologies such as and cards to be used on the IIGS. Development and codenames [ ] During the mid-1980s many rumors spread about 's work on an 'Apple IIx'.
The IIx was said to have a 16-bit CPU, one megabyte of RAM, and better graphics and sound. 'IIx' was the code name for Apple's first internal project to develop a next-generation Apple II based on the 65816. The IIx project, though, became bogged down when it attempted to include various coprocessors allowing it to emulate other computer systems. Early samples of the 65816 were also problematic.
These problems led to the cancellation of the IIx project, but later, a new project was formed to produce an updated Apple II. This project, which led to the released IIGS, was known by various codenames while the new system was being developed, including 'Phoenix', 'Rambo', 'Gumby', and 'Cortland'. There were rumors of several vastly enhanced built over the years at Apple but none were ever released. Only one, the 'Mark Twain', has been revealed so far. The Mark Twain prototype (named for 's famous quote 'The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated') was expected to have the 'ROM 04' revision (although prototypes that have been discovered do not contain any new ROM code) and featured an 8 MHz 65C816, built-in, 2MB RAM, and a. An original Apple IIGS 'Woz Edition', with signature on front During its introduction, Apple sold a specialized set of Roommate speakers that were platinum-colored with the Apple logo next to the Bose on each front speaker grille. Some design features from the unsuccessful lived on in the Apple IIGS, such as GS/OS borrowing elements from SOS (including, by way of ProDOS, the SOS ), a unique keyboard feature for dual-speed arrow keys, and colorized ASCII text.
An (activated by Command-Option-Control-N) in ROM 3 lists the members of development team, and plays an audio clip of them shouting 'Apple II!' Limited Edition ('Woz'-signed case) [ ] As part of a commemorative celebration marking the 10th anniversary of the Apple II series' development, as well as Apple Computer itself celebrating the same anniversary, a special limited edition was introduced at product launch. The first 50,000 Apple IIGSs manufactured had a reproduced copy of Wozniak's signature ('Woz') at the front right corner of the case, with a dotted line and the phrase 'Limited Edition' printed just below it. Owners of the Limited Edition, after mailing in their Apple registration card, were mailed back a certificate of authenticity signed by Wozniak and 12 key Apple engineers, as well as a personal letter from Wozniak himself (both machine-reproduced). Seeing as the difference between standard and Limited Edition machines were purely cosmetic, many owners of new were able to 'convert' to the Limited Edition by merely swapping the case lid from an older, existing (and likely no-longer working) machine. While of nostalgic value to Apple II users and collectors, presently these stamped-lid cases are not considered rare, nor do they have any particular monetary worth. Influence on later computers [ ] The Apple Desktop Bus, which for a long time was the standard for most input peripherals for the Macintosh, first appeared on the IIGS.
In addition, the other standardized ports and addition of SCSI set a benchmark which allowed, for the first time, Apple to consolidate their peripheral offerings across both the Apple II and Macintosh product lines, permitting one device to be compatible with multiple, disparate computers. The IIGS is also the first Apple product to bear the new brand-unifying color scheme, a warm gray color Apple dubbed 'Platinum'. This color would remain the Apple standard used on the vast majority of all products for the next decade. The IIGS is also the second major computer design after the Apple IIc by Apple's outsourced industrial designer and together with its new corporate color and matching peripherals, officially ushered in the which was used exclusively for the next five years and made the Apple product line instantly recognizable around the world. The inclusion of a professional-grade sound chip in the Apple IIGS was hailed by both developers and users, and hopes were high that it would be added to the Macintosh; [ ] however, it drew a lawsuit from.
As part of an earlier trademark dispute with the record company, Apple Computer had agreed not to release music-related products. Apple Records considered the inclusion of the chip in the IIGS a violation of that agreement. Software features [ ] Software that runs on the Apple IIGS can be divided into two major categories: 8-bit software compatible with earlier Apple II systems such as the IIe and IIc, and 16-bit IIGS software, which takes advantage of its advanced features, including a near-clone of the Macintosh. 8-bit Apple II compatibility [ ] Apple claimed that the IIGS was 95% compatible with contemporary Apple II software. One reviewer, for example, successfully ran demo programs that came on cassette with his 1977 Apple II. The IIGS can run all of Apple's earlier Apple II:, 8, and. It is also compatible with nearly all 8-bit software running on those systems.
Like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIc, the IIGS also includes and a machine-language monitor (which can be used for very simple assembly language programming) in ROM, so they can be used even with no operating system loaded from disk. The 8-bit software runs twice as fast unless the user turns down the processor speed in the IIGS control panel. System Software [ ] The Apple IIGS System Software utilizes a graphical user interface (GUI) very similar to that of the Macintosh and somewhat like for PCs and the operating systems of contemporary Atari and Amiga computers.
Initial versions of the System Software are based on the 16 operating system, which is based on the original ProDOS operating system for 8-bit Apple II computers. Although it was modified so that 16-bit Apple IIGS software can run on it, ProDOS 16 was written largely in 8-bit code and does not take full advantage of the IIGS's capabilities. Later System Software versions (starting with version 4.0) replaced ProDOS 16 with a new 16-bit operating system known as. It better utilizes the unique capabilities of the IIGS and includes many valuable new features. The IIGS System Software was substantially enhanced and expanded over the years during which it was developed, culminating in its final official version, System 6.0.1, which was released in 1993. In July 2015, members of an American computer club released a new version of that System Software, fixing some bugs.
Graphical user interface [ ] Similar to that of the Macintosh, the IIGS System Software provides a -driven graphical user interface using concepts such as, menus, and icons. This was implemented by a 'toolbox' of code, some of which resides in the computer's ROM and some of which is loaded from disk. Only one major application can run at a time, although other, smaller programs, known as, can be used simultaneously. The IIGS has a Finder application very similar to the Macintosh's, which allows the user to manipulate files and launch applications. By default, the Finder is displayed when the computer starts up and whenever the user quits an application that is started from it, although the startup application can be changed by the user. Software companies complained that Apple did not provide technical information and development tools to create IIGS-specific software. In 1988 reported that both and Intergalactic Development had to write their own tools to maximize their use of IIGS audio, with the latter stating that 'these sorts of problems are becoming well-known throughout the industry'.
Extensibility [ ] The IIGS System Software can be extended through various mechanisms. New Desk Accessories are small programs ranging from a calculator to simple that can be used while running any standard desktop application. Classic Desk Accessories also serve as small programs available while running other applications, but they use the text screen and can be accessed even from non-desktop applications. Control Panels and initialization files are other mechanisms that allow various functions to be added to the system.
Finder Extras permits new capabilities to be added to the Finder, drivers can be used to support new hardware devices, and users can also add 'tools' that provide various functions that other programs can utilize easily. These features can be used to provide features that were never planned for by the system's designers, such as a stack known as 'Marinetti'. Multitasking capability [ ] A third party -like was produced, called, which runs under the GUI and provides multitasking. In addition, a system called The Manager can be used to make the Finder more like the one on the Macintosh, allowing major software (other than just the 'accessory' programs) to run simultaneously through. Upgrading from an Apple IIe [ ].
Back view of IIGS upgrade; note the new port openings and connectors. Upon its release in September 1986, Apple announced it would be making a kit that would upgrade an to a IIGS available for purchase. This followed an Apple practice of making logic board upgrades available that dated from the earliest days of the Apple II until Steve Jobs' return to Apple in 1997.
The IIe-to-IIGS upgrade replaced the IIe with a 16-bit IIGS motherboard. Users would take their Apple IIe machines into an authorized Apple dealership, where the IIe motherboard and lower baseboard of the case were swapped for an Apple IIGS motherboard with a new (with matching cut-outs for the new built-in ports). New metal sticker ID badges replaced those on the front of the IIe, rebranding the machine. Retained were the upper half of the IIe case, the keyboard, speaker and power supply. Original IIGS motherboards (those produced between 1986 and mid-1989) have electrical connections for the IIe and keyboard present, although only about half of those produced have the physical plug connectors factory-presoldered in, which were mostly reserved for the upgrade kits. • ^ Histoire de l'Apple IIGS, • Kavadias, Tony (July 24, 2004).. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
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Retrieved 10 August 2014. • de Peyster, Deborah; Statt, Paul (September 1986).. Retrieved 2 July 2014. • IIGS • Schwan, Ben (July 20, 2015).. Heise Online. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
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Retrieved 10 November 2013. • Muse, Dan (November 1988)..
Retrieved 1 July 2014. • Effectively 140×192 in color, due to pixel placement restrictions. • ^ Text can be mixed with graphic modes, replacing either bottom 8 or 32 lines of graphics with four lines of text, depending on video mode. Colorized text is unique to the Apple IIGS, all other Apple II models produce text in only black and white. • ^ 16 colors per scanline, palette can be changed on each line. Exceeding 16 palettes per screen drastically limits system resources (e.g.
Only useful for static images typically). • Dithered mode creates the visual illusion of 16 colors by alternated colored pixels in the 4 mini palettes, in addition to taking advantage of the AppleColor RGB's high (0. Athan Free Download For Iphone 4 there. 37 mm) dot pitch. • Only 15 voices are available in most software due to firmware pairing oscillators and reserving one for timing.
• ^ While output from audio jack is mono, and all third-party stereo cards only produce two-channel stereo, the capability for supporting 8-channel stereo is present on the motherboard/chip. September 25, 1991. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Lounge Lizard Ep 4 Cracker more. September 15, 1996. Retrieved November 13, 2011. Retrieved November 13, 2011. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
April 2, 1997. Retrieved November 13, 2011. Retrieved November 13, 2011. September 29, 2007. Archived from on September 29, 2007. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
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• Ferrell, Keith (April 1988).. Retrieved 10 November 2013. • External links [ ] • from magazine (November 1986) • from Steven Weyhrich •, reviews of many Apple IIGS applications.